THE GROWING DIFFERENCE IN ORGANIC

THE GROWING DIFFERENCE IN ORGANIC
There is growing consensus in the scientific community that small doses of pesticides and other chemicals can adversely affect people, especially during vulnerable periods of fetal development and childhood.. This is why buying organic produce can positively impact your family’s health. Let’s take a look at a few of the differences in growing practices and pesticide residues of conventional and organic farmers.
Raspberries
The most serious disease of raspberries is gray mold, caused from rain when fruits are at their ripest. Conventional growers can use fungicides for this problem, but there are no organic fungicides available for organic growers to combat this problem. They have to be more proactive, choosing a location with good soil, and arranging crop rows to take advantage of sunlight and breezes. Other techniques are trellising, removing spent canes, thinning, controlling weeds, cover crop mowing, and a tight picking schedule to reduce the presence of overripe fruit.
Cucumbers
A recent report reviewed the current data comparing pesticide residues on organic and conventional produce. It found that conventional vegetables are 6.8 times more likely to have one or more detectable residues, and about a dozen pesticides are routinely present in fresh produce at levels that pose significant risks. The average conventional cucumber contained 2.7 different pesticides.
Honeydew melon
Honeydew melon is a long-season crop, more so than other melons. Longer time in the field makes melons more susceptible to insects and leaf disease, which can translate into more pesticides being used. Organic growers know that excess nitrate fertilizers can bring on bugs and mildew so they are careful to use compost and other slow-release sources of nitrogen. Instead of potent fungicides that conventional growers use, organic growers use botanical oils from jojoba and neem and even baking soda to combat disease. They also use biological sprays that employ competitive micro-organisms, which are harmless to us, but are lethal to the bacteria and fungal diseases that plague hot and tired melon plants.
Plums
Have you ever seen beautiful plums turn ugly with a soft brownish mold? It’s brown rot. In the spring, when plum trees bloom and set fruit, rain and cool weather encourage brown rot spores to enter the twigs where the fruit forms. Conventional growers spray synthetic fungicides; organic growers spray naturally occurring minerals and biofungicides (which have safe bacteria) to compete against the fungal spores.
Zucchini
Cucumber beetles are the scourges of zucchini growers. They feed on the leaves and spread disease from one plant to another. Some conventional growers use traps that contain a combination of cucurbitacin juices and carbaryl (a toxic insecticide) as a control method. Organic growers use floating row covers as a barrier between insects and plants, heavy mulch to deter egg laying in the soil, and they plant perimeter trap crops to attract beetles away from the zucchini. They also use natural predators like soldier beetles, wasps and bats.
Thompson seedless grapes
It’s tempting to pluck a grape and pop it in your mouth, but don’t. Grapes are heavily sprayed. An Environmental Working Group study of government data revealed that imported and domestic grapes rank in the top 10 for residues. California grape growers are reducing their use of the more toxic pesticides, but plenty are still being used. Late season grapes are often treated with sulfur dioxide gas to increase storage time; organic growers can’t use these. Your best bet is buying organic and washing your grapes to rinse off any dirt and residues. Don’t worry about the frosty color on the grapes—that’s natural, it’s called bloom.
For info on pesticide residues and organic growing, go to www.foodnews.org and www.organiccenter.org.

Odd name…great taste

If you like springtime citrus, you’ll love the blood orange. These sweet, baseball-sized fruits got their name in ancient times from the deep red colored flesh that is reminiscent of, you guessed it, blood. Perhaps this is what a vegetarian vampire would eat? They might have True Blood, but these are probably tastier. While the name may not be appetizing, their distinctive flavor certainly is. Quite different from other oranges, they have a rich flavor that has hints of raspberry overtones, and even the skin can be slightly sweet.
However, not all blood oranges are the same.
The three most widely grown varieties you’ll find in our produce departments in the U.S. are:
The Moro- most common variety; has a rich flavor, a round shape, and is the most highly colored. This is the one you are most likely buying now.
The Sanguinelli- often first on the market, this oblong shaped fruit has a strawberry red flesh.
The Tarocco - the largest blood orange, it is more elongated than the others. It also has the highest juice content and its almost berry-flavored flesh makes it the best flavored.
You’re probably wondering: what’s the story on these interesting oranges?
The blood orange is an ancestor to the sweet oranges that first arrived from Asia in the 1400's. The "arrance rosse" or blood orange is indigenous to Italy. Apparently they originated in the17th century from a spontaneous mutation somewhere near Mount Etna, in Sicily. It’s believed that the sun and volcanic soil near Mount Etna’s black slopes has something to do with the unique flavor and color of the blood oranges grown there. And who knows - it may be true! These conditions certainly have a large impact on the blood oranges grown in the US.
Bloods grown in Florida don’t have nearly as much of the intense red color as the bloods grown in California. This has been attributed to Florida’s limestone soils and weather. On the other hand, California’s hot summer days and cold winter nights are similar to the weather in Sicily and these conditions bring out the best flavor and color. All of the blood oranges you enjoy from west of the Mississippi are generally California grown.
There are many ways to enjoy blood oranges: fresh out of hand, as juice, made into sorbet or even in salad. I love them peeled and pulled into segments and added to a salad of mixed greens or Arugula and Mizuna, thinly sliced red onions, crumbled goat feta, tossed with balsamic vinegar and olive oil. Mmmm, mmmm. This is one salad that is as colorful as it is tasty. And so healthy for you!
Talk about eating your colors, I say dig in!
If you’d like to learn more about springtime citrus tune into An Organic Conversation on http://www.green960.com Saturday morning 3/20/2010 @ 10am PST or download it at www.anorganicconversation.com after it airs on iTunes as a podcast.